Publication
Indian Journal of Entomology Online published Ref. No. e23633
Indian Journal of Entomology Online published Ref. No. e23633
mtCO1 ANALYSIS OF THE BUTTERFLY GENUS PAPILIO, FROM INDONESIA
Roni Koneri1, Syamsul Bachry2* and Beivy Jonathan Kolondam1
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
Sam Ratulangi University. Jl. Kampus Bahu, Manado 95115, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
2Department of Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Pahlawan University, Tuanku Tambusai No.23,
Bangkinang, Kec. Bangkinang Kampar, Riau 28412, Indonesia
*Email: [email protected] (corresponding author): ORCID ID:
ABSTRACT
The genus Papilio is a butterfly that has many subspecies with similar phenotypes. So until now, researchers are still studying the genus Papilio based on morphology and genetics. Partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase-I (mtCOI) genes from individuals from 13 species of Papilionidae from North Sulawesi: Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Malaysia: Negeri Sembilan, India: Assam, South Korea, China, Taiwan: Nantou, and Thailand: Fang, Chiang Mai have been compared in this study. Nucleotide divergences showed that the mean genetic distance between species was 0.023 (2.3%) to 0.723 (72.32%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that groups of Papilionidae from North Sulawesi: Indonesia formed their own group; Species from Papua New Guinea are closely related to other Papilionidae species from other regions. There are 50 distinct sites or single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the mtCO1 sequence of eleven species. These mtCO1 sequences can reveal the genetic differentiation of closely related species in the genus Papilio.
Key words: Butterfly Papilio spp., cytochrome C oxidase-I, North Sulawesi, sequences nucleotide,mtCO1 variations, comparisons, phylogenetic analyses, NcB accessions